Abstract

Unemployment is often associated with inequality or poverty. The government's poverty alleviation strategies are organized into three groups: social assistance, community empowerment, and micro- enterprise support. Unemployment can be caused by an imbalance in labor market demand, or more simply, a lack of available jobs compared to a sufficient labor supply. How do Competency-Based Training, Job Training Institutions, and the Pre-Employment Program influence the reduction of unemployment in Indonesia? The purpose of this study is 

to...To determine the effect of Competency-Based Training (CBT) through Job Training Institutions and the Pre-Employment Program (Prakerja) in reducing unemployment in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data. This study uses panel data on government programs, social assistance, and unemployment in Indonesia, focusing on 31 provinces in the 2022 and 2023 periods. This annual data is taken from official statistical provider websites such as the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Ministry of Manpower's One Data. The research variables are Competency-Based Training (PBK), Job Training Institutions (LPK), Pre-Employment Program (Prakerja), and Unemployment (UE). From the analysis results, Competency-Based Training, abbreviated as PBK, has a statistic of 0.568692 with a probability of 0.5718. It can be concluded that the PBK variable has a positive but insignificant effect, which means that the Competency-Based Training (BPK) variable has an effect on Unemployment (UE), but its effect is not very significant and therefore not very noticeable. The results of this research analysis explain that the t-statistic results are -0.132111 with a probability of 0.8954. Therefore, it can be concluded that the LPK variable has a negative influence on unemployment. In the sense that the LPK variable has no effect and is not significant on the Unemployment (UE) variable. The results of this research analysis explain that the test results show a t-statistic of 2.759550 with a probability of 0.0077, so it can be concluded that the pre-employment program on Unemployment (UE) has a positive influence in the sense that the pre-employment variable has a significant effect on the UE variable. 

Keywords: Unemployment, Competency-Based Training, Job Training Institutions, Pre- 

Employment Program